What is ig superfamily?

The Ig superfamily is a large group of cell surface and secreted proteins that share a characteristic immunoglobulin (Ig) domain structure and are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell adhesion, signaling, and immune and inflammatory responses. The Ig domain consists of two beta-sheets arranged in a sandwich-like structure, stabilized by a disulfide bond. The superfamily includes proteins such as immunoglobulins, T-cell receptors, major histocompatibility complex molecules, and many others. Some Ig superfamily proteins act as ligands and receptors, while others are involved in cell-cell recognition and adhesion. Dysfunction or mutations in Ig superfamily proteins are associated with various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurological disorders.